By Dennis Hartley
Life is sustained by the grinding opposition of moral entities.
-Anthony Burgess
It quickly becomes apparent in the opening scenes of Russian director Andrei Zvyagintsev’s Elena that you are settling in to watch a film wherein nothing is going to quickly become apparent. He holds a static shot of a tree bathed in the cool light of dawn for what must be at least three minutes (an eternity in screen time). Aside from the cackling of crows, there doesn’t seem to be anything of particular significance going on. Wait a minute…is that a window, beyond the branches? It is, in fact, a balcony window, but we can’t quite see in; the glass only reflects the burgeoning sunrise. And (crows aside) it’s quiet…too quiet. This gives the viewer ample time to ponder a few questions: What’s going on behind that window? Are those crows supposed to be an omen? Are we about to be startled by something shockingly horrible that lies beyond the windowpanes?
Interior shots reveal a decidedly less sinister scenario; a well-appointed luxury apartment, where a plain, unassuming middle-aged woman shuts off her alarm and gets out of bed. Again, the director takes his time, carefully documenting all the minutiae of her morning ablutions. Just when we are about to assume she lives alone, she enters a different bedroom, drawing the curtains open to awaken a gentleman who is a number of years her senior. There is minimal verbal exchange between them. As she proceeds to head for the kitchen, where she diligently begins to prepare breakfast, new questions arise. Is she the man’s live-in housekeeper? Is she acting as caregiver for an elderly relative? As it turns out, while arguably a bit of both, she’s technically neither. Despite their undemonstrative behavior, they are married. Vladmir (Andrey Smirnov) is an aloof, well-do-do patrician, and Elena (Nadezhda Markina), a retired nurse, hails from a working class background.
Mundane breakfast chat reveals that Vladmir and Elena each have an adult child from previous marriages. Vladmir has a daughter, with who he is rarely in contact with. According to him, she is a self-centered “hedonist”, who “takes after her mother”. Still, however, he’s forever spoiled her; sending her money to support her party girl lifestyle. Much to Vladmir’s chagrin, Elena is off after breakfast to visit her son Sergei (Aleksey Rosen). Sergei, who is unemployed, relies on the money Elena funnels him from her monthly pension check to support himself, his wife, infant and teenage son. Vladmir, despite his wealth, refuses to give Elena’s son financial support; to him, Sergei is a useless lay about who needs to “get his ass off the couch” and start providing for his family. Elena, who has obviously heard this all before, absorbs his tirade with quiet resignation and then proceeds to take a long slog (in real time, seemingly) via bus, train and shoe leather express to just beyond the outskirts of urban renewal, where Sergei and his family live in a drab, rundown beehive apartment complex (which, with its twitchy gang members on the stoop and trashed, graffiti-scrawled lobby, is quite reminiscent of the building where Alex and his droogs held their confabs in A Clockwork Orange).
The stark contrast in living quarters, along with Vladmir and Elena’s “mixed marriage” of disparate social backgrounds become metaphors for the central themes of Zvyagintsev’s screenplay (co-written by Oleg Negin): classism, the chasm between the “haves” and the “have nots”, and ultimately, instinct vs. morality (this particular device carries echoes of Kurosawa’s class warfare noir, High and Low). Without giving too much away, these subtexts all come to the fore when Vladmir suffers a sudden heart attack. While in the hospital, he is visited by his estranged daughter (Elena Lyadova, in a brief but standout turn). Despite her nihilist stance regarding Vladmir’s situation, father and daughter have an unexpected reconciliation, inspiring Vladmir to make changes in his will. In turn, this decision leads one character to make a moral choice that profoundly changes the family’s dynamics (extended and otherwise). When this decision occurs, it is so subtle and reflexive that you might miss it if you blink; but such is the banality of evil.
Zvyagintsev has served up a complexly flavored filet of dark Russian soul, spiced with a hint of Dostoyevsky, a sprig of Burgess and a dash of Hitchcock. I suppose you could describe his film as a “noir-ish thriller”, but not in the traditional sense. There are no suspenseful musical cues. In fact, save for a solitary Philip Glass piece that makes several brief appearances on the soundtrack, there’s no music to speak of (thankfully, the director is astute enough to realize that a little bit of Philip Glass goes a long, long way). The deliberate pacing could be a deal-breaker for some; I’ll admit I found myself struggling a bit through the first hour or so. But if you are patient, you will come to realize that there is a Kubrickian precision to the construct. And you will finally grok what’s going on behind that window…it’s a primordial dance as old and familiar as human nature itself.
Previous posts with related themes:
The Housemaid/The Servant
Hipsters/The Women on the 6th Floor
Elles
-Anthony Burgess
It quickly becomes apparent in the opening scenes of Russian director Andrei Zvyagintsev’s Elena that you are settling in to watch a film wherein nothing is going to quickly become apparent. He holds a static shot of a tree bathed in the cool light of dawn for what must be at least three minutes (an eternity in screen time). Aside from the cackling of crows, there doesn’t seem to be anything of particular significance going on. Wait a minute…is that a window, beyond the branches? It is, in fact, a balcony window, but we can’t quite see in; the glass only reflects the burgeoning sunrise. And (crows aside) it’s quiet…too quiet. This gives the viewer ample time to ponder a few questions: What’s going on behind that window? Are those crows supposed to be an omen? Are we about to be startled by something shockingly horrible that lies beyond the windowpanes?
Interior shots reveal a decidedly less sinister scenario; a well-appointed luxury apartment, where a plain, unassuming middle-aged woman shuts off her alarm and gets out of bed. Again, the director takes his time, carefully documenting all the minutiae of her morning ablutions. Just when we are about to assume she lives alone, she enters a different bedroom, drawing the curtains open to awaken a gentleman who is a number of years her senior. There is minimal verbal exchange between them. As she proceeds to head for the kitchen, where she diligently begins to prepare breakfast, new questions arise. Is she the man’s live-in housekeeper? Is she acting as caregiver for an elderly relative? As it turns out, while arguably a bit of both, she’s technically neither. Despite their undemonstrative behavior, they are married. Vladmir (Andrey Smirnov) is an aloof, well-do-do patrician, and Elena (Nadezhda Markina), a retired nurse, hails from a working class background.
Mundane breakfast chat reveals that Vladmir and Elena each have an adult child from previous marriages. Vladmir has a daughter, with who he is rarely in contact with. According to him, she is a self-centered “hedonist”, who “takes after her mother”. Still, however, he’s forever spoiled her; sending her money to support her party girl lifestyle. Much to Vladmir’s chagrin, Elena is off after breakfast to visit her son Sergei (Aleksey Rosen). Sergei, who is unemployed, relies on the money Elena funnels him from her monthly pension check to support himself, his wife, infant and teenage son. Vladmir, despite his wealth, refuses to give Elena’s son financial support; to him, Sergei is a useless lay about who needs to “get his ass off the couch” and start providing for his family. Elena, who has obviously heard this all before, absorbs his tirade with quiet resignation and then proceeds to take a long slog (in real time, seemingly) via bus, train and shoe leather express to just beyond the outskirts of urban renewal, where Sergei and his family live in a drab, rundown beehive apartment complex (which, with its twitchy gang members on the stoop and trashed, graffiti-scrawled lobby, is quite reminiscent of the building where Alex and his droogs held their confabs in A Clockwork Orange).
The stark contrast in living quarters, along with Vladmir and Elena’s “mixed marriage” of disparate social backgrounds become metaphors for the central themes of Zvyagintsev’s screenplay (co-written by Oleg Negin): classism, the chasm between the “haves” and the “have nots”, and ultimately, instinct vs. morality (this particular device carries echoes of Kurosawa’s class warfare noir, High and Low). Without giving too much away, these subtexts all come to the fore when Vladmir suffers a sudden heart attack. While in the hospital, he is visited by his estranged daughter (Elena Lyadova, in a brief but standout turn). Despite her nihilist stance regarding Vladmir’s situation, father and daughter have an unexpected reconciliation, inspiring Vladmir to make changes in his will. In turn, this decision leads one character to make a moral choice that profoundly changes the family’s dynamics (extended and otherwise). When this decision occurs, it is so subtle and reflexive that you might miss it if you blink; but such is the banality of evil.
Zvyagintsev has served up a complexly flavored filet of dark Russian soul, spiced with a hint of Dostoyevsky, a sprig of Burgess and a dash of Hitchcock. I suppose you could describe his film as a “noir-ish thriller”, but not in the traditional sense. There are no suspenseful musical cues. In fact, save for a solitary Philip Glass piece that makes several brief appearances on the soundtrack, there’s no music to speak of (thankfully, the director is astute enough to realize that a little bit of Philip Glass goes a long, long way). The deliberate pacing could be a deal-breaker for some; I’ll admit I found myself struggling a bit through the first hour or so. But if you are patient, you will come to realize that there is a Kubrickian precision to the construct. And you will finally grok what’s going on behind that window…it’s a primordial dance as old and familiar as human nature itself.
Previous posts with related themes:
The Housemaid/The Servant
Hipsters/The Women on the 6th Floor
Elles